Preface: With the acceleration of urbanization and the improvement of people's living standards, the amount of waste generated is increasing, and the treatment of stale waste has become an important environmental issue. Stale waste usually refers to organic waste that has been stored and fermented for a long time in landfills or other storage places. Its composition is complex, including various organic matter, inorganic matter and possible harmful substances. As an important waste disposal equipment, shredder plays a key role in the treatment of stale waste.

1. Crushing and reducing volume

- Stale waste often contains various items of different sizes and shapes, such as old furniture, branches, construction waste, etc. The shredder breaks these larger waste into smaller particles through strong shearing and crushing forces, thereby reducing the volume of waste. The volume of stale waste after shredding is greatly reduced, which is convenient for subsequent transportation and treatment. For example, during the waste transfer process, smaller waste can be loaded into the transport vehicle more efficiently, increasing the amount of waste transported each time and reducing transportation costs. At the same time, when the waste with reduced volume is landfilled or incinerated, it can also make more full use of the processing space and improve the processing efficiency of the treatment facilities.

- Taking landfill as an example, stale waste that has not been shredded may occupy a large amount of landfill space due to its large volume, resulting in a shortened service life of the landfill. After being processed by the shredder, the waste can be piled up more tightly, reducing the space waste of the landfill and extending the service life of the landfill.

2. Material pretreatment

- Before further resource utilization or harmless treatment of stale waste, pretreatment is required to improve the efficiency and effect of subsequent treatment processes. As a pretreatment equipment, the shredder can crush the stale waste into suitable particle size, providing good material conditions for subsequent sorting, fermentation, incineration and other treatment processes.

- In the process of waste sorting, waste with uniform particle size is more conducive to the effective separation of different components through various sorting equipment, such as magnetic separators, air separators, etc. For example, after shredding, the metals, plastics, paper, etc. in the stale waste can be more easily separated for recycling and reuse. For the process of using biological fermentation to treat stale waste, the shredded waste has a larger specific surface area, which can increase the contact area between microorganisms and waste, improve fermentation efficiency, accelerate the decomposition and transformation of organic matter, and thus better realize the harmlessness and resource utilization of waste. In the process of waste incineration, waste of appropriate particle size can be more evenly distributed in the incinerator, burn more fully, improve combustion efficiency, and reduce the generation of harmful substances such as dioxins.

4. Remove impurities

- Stale waste is often mixed with various impurities, such as stones, glass, metal, etc. If these impurities are not removed in time, they will cause damage to subsequent processing equipment and affect the normal operation of the processing process. In the process of crushing waste, the shredder can separate some impurities through its special structure and working principle. For example, some shredders are equipped with screens or grid devices. In the process of shredding waste, materials smaller than the size of the screen hole can be discharged through the screen, while larger impurities are intercepted on the screen, thereby achieving the initial separation of impurities and processable materials.

- For some impurities that are difficult to break, such as metal blocks, the shredder's knives will produce different force conditions when they come into contact with them, making it easier for impurities such as metal blocks to fall out of the waste. This impurity removal effect can effectively protect the knives, conveyor belts and other components of the subsequent processing equipment, reduce the wear and failure rate of the equipment, reduce the maintenance cost of the equipment, and ensure the stable operation of the entire waste treatment system.

5. Accelerate fermentation

- The organic matter in the stale waste will ferment and decompose under the action of microorganisms to produce valuable products such as biogas and organic fertilizer. The shredder increases the contact area between organic matter and microorganisms by breaking the waste into smaller particles, thereby accelerating the fermentation process. On the one hand, smaller waste particles allow microorganisms to attach more fully to the surface of the material, making it easier for the enzymes secreted by microorganisms to react with organic matter and promote the decomposition of organic matter. On the other hand, the porosity of the shredded waste increases and the air permeability is improved, which is conducive to the growth and metabolism of aerobic microorganisms and provides more favorable conditions for the fermentation process.

- For example, in waste composting, stale waste treated by a shredder can reach a higher composting temperature in a shorter time, speed up the decomposition of organic matter, and improve the quality and yield of compost. At the same time, accelerated fermentation can also reduce the odor of stale waste during the treatment process and reduce the impact on the surrounding environment.

6. Improve resource recycling rate

- Through the treatment of stale waste by a shredder, different types of resources can be separated and recycled more effectively. As mentioned above, the shredded waste is easy to sort, so that recyclable materials such as metals, plastics, and paper can be separated more efficiently for reprocessing and reuse, realizing the recycling of resources and reducing the exploitation of primary resources.

- For the organic components in stale waste, after shredding and fermentation, they can be converted into organic fertilizers for agricultural production, improving soil fertility and reducing the use of chemical fertilizers. In addition, the biogas generated during the fermentation process can be used as clean energy for power generation and heating, realizing the energy utilization of stale waste, improving the recycling rate of resources, and having good economic and environmental benefits.

PS: When dealing with stale waste, the shredder plays an important role in crushing and reducing volume, pre-treating materials, removing impurities, accelerating fermentation, and improving resource recycling. It is one of the indispensable equipment in the process of stale waste treatment, which can effectively improve the efficiency and quality of waste treatment and achieve the goals of harmless, resource-based and reduced waste treatment. With the continuous development and progress of waste treatment technology, the performance and functions of the shredder will also be continuously optimized and improved, providing more powerful support for solving the increasingly severe waste problem. In the future waste treatment field, the shredder will continue to play an important role and make greater contributions to building a beautiful and clean environment.

Author : Song Ying

Song Ying is a blog column writer. She has more than 8 years of experience in the manufacturing and service of environmental protection machinery. She has a deep understanding of the garbage screening and crushing industry and is happy to share practical industry knowledge and technology.